Educational Measurement, Assessment and Evaluation
In education the three terms: Measurement, Assessment and Evaluation are very confusing and perplexing. Many people often use them interchangeably. As, there seems no significant difference among them, but in fact they are very different from each other, in terms of their uses and functions. Though they are quite different from each other, yet there exists a close relationship among them, and they interact and cooperate with each other. For example, if we want to compare one educational process or activity with other on the basis of certain predetermined learning objectives or goals. We would have to try them out on the same subjects/students one by one and assess the subjects/students after each activity or educational program for the desired objectives or skills. But we can't proceed without having some standardized tools of measurement, which will help us in measuring the desired skills or objectives. These tools may be of different types and shapes like objective tests, subjective tests and practical tests. We administer these tests to the students and collect relevant data about their academic achievements and skills through these tools. Then we tabulate, analyse and interpret it for evaluation purposes.
Sampling With Replacement Vs Sampling Without Replacement
12:24:00 AM
When collecting data for our study, the first thing we need to do, is to decide about the size of our sample; and the method of drawing this sample from the population of interest. Generally, it depends upon various factors like the nature and composition of the population of interest, the availability of resources and the validity of our study. Usually, large samples are considered more efficient in terms of validity than small samples. But they will consume more efforts and more resource as compared to smaller samples. So, if our time and resources are limited and validity is not our major concern than we should choose a smaller sample size. Similarly, we should take into consideration the composition of our population when selecting a sample from it. In case we fail in choosing the right type of our sample, it will badly affect the results and validity of our study. Normally, we can draw our sample from the population of interest in either of the following two ways:
Sampling without Replacement
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